Electroacupuncture activates corticotrophin-releasing hormone-containing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalammus to alleviate edema in a rat model of inflammation

Author's response to reviews Title: Electroacupuncture activates corticotrophin-releasing hormone-containing neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalammus to alleviate edema in a rat model of inflammation Authors:

Cardiovascular responses produced by resistin injected into paraventricular nucleus mediated by the glutamatergic and CRFergic transmissions within rostral ventrolateral medulla

Objective(s): Resistin, as a 12.5 kDa cysteine-rich polypeptide, is expressed in hypothalamus and regulates sympathetic nerve activity. It is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the neural pathway of cardiovascular responses induced by injection of resistin into paraventricular nucleus (PVN) with rostr...

P146: Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) and its Alterations in Stress

Gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid that is thought to play an important role in the modulation of the central response to stress. Mechanisms by which GABA may facilitate these responses to stress are metabolic and/or mechanical disruptions. Environmental stresses increase GABA accumulation through cytosolic acidification, induce an acidic pH-dependent activation of glutamate...

Effect of lactation on the expression of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone in dorsomedial and paraventricular nuclei of the rat hypothalamus

Introduction: Gonadotropin inhibitory hormone (GnIH) is believed to be an inhibitor of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. The role of GnIH in lactational inhibition of gonadotropin secretion is not well known therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lactation on expression of GnIH in these nuclei of lactating and non-lactating rats. Methods: Ten po...

Novel regulators of the in vitro release of hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing hormone two decades after its discovery: a review.

Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a 41 amino-acid peptide which was isolated and characterised exactly two decades ago (1). It is distributed heterogeneously throughout the central nervous system (CNS) (2) and, due both to its ability to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary and to its numerous extra-hypophyseal biological effects, is now consid...